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Lost Mayan city discovered in southern Mexico jungle

lost-mayan-city-discovered-in-southern-mexico-jungle
Lost Mayan city discovered in southern Mexico jungle

 Archeologists in Mexico have discovered a huge, lost Mayan city, which they named Valeriana, hidden deep in the southern jungle of Campeche — a sprawling, urban settlement replete with architectural marvels and agricultural infrastructure.

WHY IT’S IMPORTANT

The discovery of what appears to have been a bustling urban landscape challenges the existing knowledge about the prevalence and density of ancient Mayan settlements.

A Lidar image shows what archeologists in Mexico say is a newly discovered lost Mayan city, which they named Valeriana

A Lidar image shows what archeologists in Mexico say is a newly discovered lost Mayan city, which they named Valeriana. via REUTERS

Valeriana was discovered by chance thanks to Lidar, or Light Detection and Ranging, a technology that uses lasers to map and analyze archaeological landscapes.

The dataset used for the study came from approximately 47 square miles of high-quality airborne Lidar data collected in 2013 as part of a forest monitoring project called Alianza and led by the Nature Conservancy in Mexico, to reduce emissions from deforestation and degradation.

KEY QUOTES

“We argue that the Alianza data demonstrate a range of ancient settlement densities comparable to those documented by site-focused archaeological survey in the region, from nearly vacant rural landscapes to dense urban areas,” said the researchers in the study, published by Cambridge University Press.

“The discovery of Valeriana highlights the fact that there are still major gaps in our knowledge of the existence or absence of large sites within as-yet unmapped areas of the Maya Lowlands,” added.

hidden deep in the southern jungle of Campeche, Mexico,

The city is hidden deep in the southern jungle of Campeche, Mexico. via REUTERS

Calakmul mayan ruins in Yucatan Mexico

Calakmul mayan ruins in Yucatan Mexico. Tommaso Lizzul – stock.adobe.com

CONTEXT

Lidar technology revealed a sprawling, urban settlement, replete with architectural marvels and agricultural infrastructure.

The classical-era Maya civilization dates back to the period between 250 and 900 AD, when it extended its dominion over present-day southern Mexico and what are now Belize, El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras.

BY THE NUMBERS

The analysis of the archaeological site yielded an aggregate settlement density of 55.3 structures per sq km.

Steps of the pyramid stairs. Structure of 1  in the complex rises over the jungle of Calakmul, Mexico

Steps of the pyramid stairs. The structure of 1 in the complex rises over the jungle of Calakmul, Mexico. smoke666 – stock.adobe.com

The researchers identified a total of 6,764 structures, hinting at a populous ancient city.

WHAT’S NEXT

The researchers will carry out further detailed quantitative analysis of the archaeological features within the dataset and conduct field validation of their remote analysis.

The discovery serves as a stepping stone for understanding the ancient Mayan urbanization and settlement patterns.

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